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Why do leaves change color under less light area?

The energy produced in the leaf is dependent on its green coloring and on daylight; as a result, when green leaves become pale it usually means that the plant has a problem and the leaves can't do their job.

In areas where there is less light - under trees, for example - colored leaves can be an advantage. The white spots on variegated leaves magnify the available light and direct it on to the green parts. If the underside of the leaf is purple, the light is reflected back into the leaf rather than passing through.
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